Dka is most commonly associated with type 1 diabetes, however, people with type 2 diabetes that produce very little of their own insulin may also be affected. Diabetic ketoacidosis pathophysiology 2018 diabetic ketoacidosis also known as dka is one of those harder topics to learn in nursing school. Bit unfortunately, about 30% of individuals who are diagnosed with type 1 diabetes actually have diabetic ketoacidosis or dka, as their presenting symptom. High anion gap metabolic acidosis due to excessive blood concentration of ketone bodies ketoanion. And all of these can be tricky to learn as a nursing student.
Diabetic ketoacidosis pathophysiology scribd downloader smiled. The adage a child is not a miniature adult is most appropriate when considering diabetic ketoacidosis dka. Pathophysiology of diabetic ketoacidosis free download as word doc. What is the pancreas and what is its job in the body.
Diabetic ketoacidosis is characterized by a serum glucose level greater than 250 mg per dl, a ph less than 7. Pathophysiology of diabetic ketoacidosis free download as pdf file. Nursing management of a patient with diabetic ketoacidosis. The most common cause of ketoacidosis is diabetic ketoacidosis but can also be caused by alcohol. Saline should be used for fluid replacement rather than hartmanns solution diabetic ketoacidosis is a life threatening condition caused by insulin deprivation or inadequate use of insulin in people with type 1 or occasionally type 2 diabetes mellitus. Since there is considerable progress in the field of medicinenursing, there maybe interventions, drugs of choice, and other related factors that are still incorporated. Diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state table 1. Diabetic ketoacidosis pathophysiology scribd downloader dehydrated cinnamon sugar apple chips smiled. Definition diabetic ketoacidosis is defined clinically as an acute state of severe uncontrolled diabetes that requires emergency treatment with insulin and intravenous fluids. A persons breath may develop a specific fruity smell.
Diabetic ketoacidosis dka is a serious complication of diabetes mellitus. Nesina three new drug treatments for type 2 diabetes. What should be included in patient education to promote. In response to this imbalance, normal physiologic mechanisms are exaggerated, resulting in hyperglycemia, hyperosmolality, ketosis, and acidosis. Diabetic ketoacidosis pathophysiology 2018 youtube. Diabetic ketoacidosis dka explained clearly remastered dka pathophysiology duration. Diabetic ketoacidosis it is a life threatening but reversible complication of type 1 diabetes due to absolute insulin deficiency. Diabetic ketoacidosis dka occurs when there is a relative or absolute decrease in circulating insulin levels in relation to an increase in counterregulatory hormone levels.
Muesli bar recipe rice bubbles ifreightmed diabeteskas. Initial management of diabetic ketoacidosis and prognosis. Abc news diabetes breakthrough especially an older cat. Pathophysiology of diabetic ketoacidosis diabetic ketoacidosis is one of the potentially lifethreatening acute complications of diabetes mellitus. Diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperosmolar hyperglycemic syndrome hhs are life threatening complications that occur in patients with diabetes. Multicentre retrospective study conducted at five adult intermediate and intensive care units in paris and its suburbs, france. Signs and symptoms may include vomiting, abdominal pain, deep gasping breathing, increased urination, weakness, confusion and occasionally loss of consciousness. Adam malik hospital medical school university of sumatera utara. The contents of this presentation is part of my notes in medicalsurgical nursing. Diabetic ketoacidosis dka is a common and potentially lifethreatening complication of diabetes mellitus, the second most common chronic childhood disease 1. Medcram medical lectures explained clearly 26,008 views 11. Management of diabetic ketoacidosis openpediatrics.
Diabetic ketoacidosis causes, symptoms and treatment of dka. Although it can occur in patients with type 2 diabetes during periods of severe. Dka is defined biochemically as an increase in the serum concentration of ketones greater than 5meql, a blood glucose level of greater than 250mgdl, blood ph of less. Pathophysiology of diabetic ketoacidosis diabetes library. Diabetic ketoacidosis diabetic ketoacidosis dka is a state of uncontrolled diabetes and it is characterized by hyperglycemia, a high anion gap acidosis, and the presence of ketonemia and ketonuria ketone bodies in the blood and urine. Diabetic ketoacidosis simple english wikipedia, the free. Nelson, in canine and feline endocrinology fourth edition, 2015. Major causes and approaches to their prevention diabetes care 1. Pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus diabetes physiology scribd. Diabetic person ketoacidosis can be an excessive bodily predicament of diabetes type 2. Public advised not to eat animals killed during floods.
Pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus free download as word doc. When it comes to diagnosis about 70% of individuals with type 1 diabetes will be diagnosed in this stage before it gets too bad. May 31 pathways summer internship placement timeline. Before the availability of insulin in the 1920s, dka was a uniformly fatal disorder. Pathophysiology of diabetic ketoacidosis 2018 nursing. However, the child differs from the adult in a number of characteristics.
Ppt diabetic ketoacidosis powerpoint presentation free. While ketosis refers to any elevation of blood ketones, ketoacidosis is a specific pathologic condition that results in changes in blood ph and requires medical attention. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. When blood sugar levels are too high and insulin levels are too low.
Download as docx, pdf, txt or read online from scribd. In addition to timely identification of the precipitating cause, the first step in acute management of these disorders includes aggressive administration of intravenous fluids with appropriate replacement of electrolytes primarily potassium. Mosbys pathophysiology memory notecards free ebook download as pdf file. Dka happens mostly in people with type 1 diabetes, although it may happen in some people that have type 2 diabetes dka happens when a person does not have enough insulin in their body. Diabetic ketoacidosis dka, though preventable, remains a frequent and life threatening complication of type 1 diabetes. Diabetic ketoacidosis free download as powerpoint presentation. Diabetic ketoacidosis is a serious complication of type 1 diabetes, though its sometimes seen in people with type 2 diabetes. Concepts of fluid therapy in diabetic ketoacidosis and. Diabetic ketoacidosis case presentation free download as powerpoint presentation. Louden, diabetes mortality in persons under 45 years of age am j public health 73. Introduction this is the case of an 18 year old male that was diagnosed with diabetic ketoacidosis, commonly termed dka with preexisting chronic kidney disease. In the past, diabetic ketoacidosis was considered as the hallmark of type i diabetes, but current data show that it can be also diagnosed in patients with type ii diabetes mellitus. Lyceumnorthwestern university college of nursing bs nursing ii nathan vince cruz jameelah tamayo jan abigaile salisi lyka mae retuya charanjit sangar jaqui villanueva. Definition dka is defined as the presence of all three of the following.
Sep 26, 20 mosbys pathophysiology memory notecards scribd. Results for dka pathophysiology 1 10 of 37 sorted by relevance date. Click export csv or ris to download the entire page or use the checkboxes to select a subset of records to download export. Mosbys pathophysiology memory notecards scribd with. Even after the discovery of insulin, dka continued to carry a grave prognosis with a reported mortality rate in humans ranging from 10% to 30%. Diabetic ketoacidosis case presentation kidney urinary. In this case, the condition due to diabetic ketoacidosis is a fluid volume deficit, metabolic acidosis, excessive blood glucose levels, high potassium levels, dehydration, along with imbalances in nutrition, infection related to the influenza and fatigue scribd, 2010. In order to understand the pathophysiology of diabetic ketoacidosis, youll need to understand the pathophysiology of diabetes as well. Medcram medical lectures explained clearly 33,947 views 11.
The fundamental pathophysiology of this potentially lifethreatening complication is the same as in adults. Diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperosmolar crisis in adults. Diabetic ketoacidosis dka is a dangerous complication faced by people with diabetes which happens when the body starts running out of insulin. Whatyoushouldknow diabeticketoacidosis dkaisacommon,serious,andpreventablecomplicationoftype1diabetes,withamortalityof3. Diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperosmolar hyperglycemic. Diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state. Diabetic ketoacidosis symptoms, diagnosis and treatment. Coffee roastery woolloongabba diabetes mellitus pathophysiology scribd downloader am.
Diabetic ketoacidosis dka is a potentially lifethreatening complication of diabetes mellitus. Guidelines for the management of diabetic ketoacidosis dka do not consider the type of underlying diabetes. Diabetic ketoacidosis dka is an acute metabolic complication of diabetes that is potentially fatal and requires prompt medical attention for successful treatment. Diabetic ketoacidosis also known as dka is one of those harder topics to learn in nursing school. Diabetic ketoacidosis in type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetic ketoacidosis one of the hyperglycemic crises, dka, pathophysiology, causes, clinical presentation signs and symptoms and treatment. Prior to the introduction of insulin to clinical medicine by banting and best in 1922, dka had a mortality rate greater than 60% 2. Diabetic ketoacidosis american academy of pediatrics.
Diabetic ketoacidosis dka is a medical emergency that can happen in people with diabetes mellitus. Precipitants include deliberate insulin omission, intercurrent illness, surgery, trauma, alcohol, late presentation of previously undetected. Pathophysiology insulin deficiency glucose uptake lipolysis proteolysis glycerol free fatty acids amino acids hyperglycemia. It is characterised by absolute insulin deficiency and is the most common acute hyperglycaemic complication of type 1 diabetes mellitus. I received this recipe after tasting the spicy wraps at a neighborhood laos. Diabetic ketoacidosis dka and hyperosmolar hyperglycaemic state hhs are acute severe metabolic complications of uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. Nodules of fiocollagenous scar tissue induced by subcutaneous insulin injections. While they may each be seen in pure form, features of the two disorders may also coexist. Diabetic ketoacidosis an overview sciencedirect topics.
Introduction diabetic ketoacidosis dka is an acute, major, lifethreatening complication of diabetes. All of the cells in the body need glucose sugar to survive, because the body needs sugar to make energy. Trace the pathophysiology of diabetic ketoacidosis dka. Learn about the best practices in managing and monitoring patients with diabetic ketoacidosis.
815 1433 887 97 417 944 836 529 771 1014 978 26 1570 1376 966 900 1499 1134 137 926 35 558 580 261 152 1179 1372 1577 1099 1476 1060 1289 1329 548 1235 1138 159 34 249 1207 504